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The transduced rAAV proviral genomes mostly persist episomally in the target cells ( Duan et al., 1998 McCarty et al., 2004), therefore leading to unstable transduction after cell division. Extensive studies on liver-tropic rAAVs have revealed that AAV8 derived vector with either a single-stranded or a double stranded viral genome outperformed all other rAAV serotypes ( Gao et al., 2005) in transducing hepatocytes in vivo. One of the major reasons for targeting liver by rAAVs is that the liver is the primary target for systemically delivered rAAVs irrespective of the serotypes used. Viral capsids are major determinants of the characteristics of an rAAV serotype which include their preference for tissue, efficiency of gene transfer and ability to activate immune responses. An important consideration in exploiting rAAVs for gene therapy has been that these viruses are capable of persistence in tissues for long durations without activating the host immune system.

Many of the extensive studies on recombinant AAVs (rAAVs) were conducted on the common laboratory variant, AAV serotype 2, until the discovery of over 100 novel serotypes, many of which can be exploited as novel vectors for safe and persistent gene transfer with a variety of cell and tissue tropisms ( Gao et al., 2003 Gao et al., 2004 Gao et al., 2005 Gao et al., 2002 Vandenberghe et al., 2009 Xiao et al., 1999). They generally persist in primates and were initially discovered as contaminants of adenovirus cultures.

Adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) are a diverse collection of non-pathogenic, naturally replication-deficient single stranded parvoviruses.

Why is my lab master trimmer squirting water